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ASTM D7206/D7206M-19
Standard Guide for Cyclic Deactivation of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts with Metals- 발행일 : 2019-04-01
- 발행기관 : ASTM
상세정보
| 분야 | 05.06 : 기체화 연료; 석탄 및 코커스 |
|---|---|
| 적용범위 | 1.1 This guide covers the deactivation of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst in the laboratory as a precursor to small scale performance testing such as catalyst activities (Test Method D3907) or activities plus selectivities (Test Methods D5154 and D7964). FCC catalysts are deactivated in the laboratory in order to simulate the aging that occurs during continuous use in a commercial fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU). Deactivation for purposes of this guide constitutes hydrothermal deactivation of the catalyst and metal poisoning by nickel and vanadium. Hydrothermal treatment is used to simulate the physical changes that occur in the FCC catalyst through repeated regeneration cycles. Hydrothermal treatment (steaming) destabilizes the faujasite (zeolite Y), resulting in reduced crystallinity and surface area. Further decomposition of the crystalline structure occurs in the presence of vanadium, and to a lesser extent in the presence of nickel. Vanadium is believed to form vanadic acid in a hydrothermal environment resulting in destruction of the zeolitic portion of the catalyst. Nickel’s principle effect is to poison the selectivity of the FCC catalyst. Hydrogen and coke production is increased in the presence of nickel, due to the dehydrogenation activity of the metal. Vanadium also exhibits significant dehydrogenation activity, the degree of which can be influenced by the oxidation and reduction conditions prevailing throughout the deactivation process. The simulation of the metal effects that one would see commercially is part of the objective of deactivating catalysts in the laboratory. Catalyst deactivation by hydrothermal treatment only is addressed in Guide D4463/D4463M. 1.2 The two basic approaches to laboratory-scale simulation of commercial equilibrium catalysts described in this guide are as follows: 1.2.1 Cyclic Propylene Steaming (CPS) Method, in which the catalyst is impregnated with the desired metals via an incipient wetness procedure (Mitchell method)2 followed by a prescribed steam deactivation. 1.2.2 Crack-on Methods, in which fresh catalyst is subjected to a repetitive sequence of cracking (using a feed with enhanced metals concentrations), stripping, and regeneration in the presence of steam. Two specific procedures are presented here, a procedure with alternating metal deposition and deactivation steps and a modified Two-Step procedure, which includes a cyclic deactivation process to target lower vanadium dehydrogenation activity. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. |
| 국제분류(ICS)코드 | 71.040.30 : 화학 시약 및 기준물 |
| 페이지수 | 6 |
| Edition | 19 |
이력정보
| No. | 표준번호 | 표준명 | 발행일 | 상태 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ASTM D7206/D7206M-25상세보기 | Standard Guide for Cyclic Deactivation of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts with Metals | 2025-01-01 | 표준 |
| 2 | ASTM D7206/D7206M-25 REDLINE상세보기 | Standard Guide for Cyclic Deactivation of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts with Metals | 2025-01-01 | 표준 |
| 3 | ASTM D7206/D7206M-19상세보기 | Standard Guide for Cyclic Deactivation of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts with Metals | 2019-04-01 | 구판 |
| 4 | ASTM D7206/D7206M-19 REDLINE상세보기 | Standard Guide for Cyclic Deactivation of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts with Metals | 2019-04-01 | 구판 |
| 5 | ASTM D7206/D7206M-06(2013)e1상세보기 | Standard Guide for Cyclic Deactivation of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts with Metals | 2013-03-01 | 구판 |
| 6 | ASTM D7206/D7206M-06(2012)e1상세보기 | Standard Guide for Cyclic Deactivation of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts with Metals | 2012-04-01 | 구판 |
관련상품
- 관련상품이 존재하지 않습니다.
다른 사람이 함께 구입한 상품
- ASTM D7442-16 - Standard Practice for Sample Preparation of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalysts and Zeolites for Elemental Analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy
- ASTM D7964/D7964M-19 - Standard Test Method for Determining Activity of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts in a Fluidized Bed
- ASTM D6175-03(2019) - Standard Test Method for Radial Crush Strength of Extruded Catalyst and Catalyst Carrier Particles
- ASTM D7085-04(2018) - Standard Guide for Determination of Chemical Elements in Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalysts by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF)
- ASTM D4179-11(2017) - Standard Test Method for Single Pellet Crush Strength of Formed Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers
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